H125
덤프버전 :
Airbus Helicopters H125
1. 개요[편집]
Airbus Helicopters H125
Aérospatiale AS350 Écureuil (예전 명칭)
프랑스의 아에로스퍄살사에서 AS350이란 이름으로 개발 생산하다가, 에어버스 헬리콥터스가 설립된 이후 H125란 이름으로 변경된 단발 헬리콥터.
상당히 많이 팔린 베스트셀러 단발 헬리콥터로 유럽의 Bell 206이라고 할 수 있다. 비교해서 장단점이 있으나 대체로 비행성능과 진동 등의 면에서 Bell 206보다 낫다는 평가를 받았다. 구매 및 유지비가 저렴하고 운영이 편하다는 것이 특징.
엔진이 한 개인 AS350과 두 개인 AS355가 존재했었다. 당연히 더 고가일 수밖에 없는 AS355는 AS350보다 판매량이 적었고 결국 2016년을 마지막으로 생산 중단되었다.
이후 H130의 기초가 되기도 하였고, 군용 버전인 H125M(AS550 Fennec)도 존재한다.
미국에서 상당히 많이 팔렸다. 주로 경찰 헬기로 많이 운용된다. 중국군이 대량 면허 생산한 기종이기도 하다. AS365와 마찬가지로 오랫동안 면허 생산하면서 엔진까지 거의 자국화했다.[1]
2023년 2월 8일 북한 열병식 화면엔 AS-350으로 보이는 헬리콥터가 등장했다. #1 #2 예전부터 등장한 개체이다.
2. 에베레스트 착륙[편집]
2005년 5월 14일 오전, 고성능 파생형인 AS350 B3가 인간이 만든 유인 비행체로는 세계 최초로 8,850m의 지구상 최고봉인 에베레스트 정상에 2분간 착륙했다. 이튿날인 15일에도 정상 착지에 성공하여 우연이 아님을 증명했다. 종전 기록은 에베레스트 사우스 패스의 7,925m라고 한다.
3. 제원[편집]
- AS350 B3
Crew: 1
Capacity: 5
Length: 10.93 m (35 ft 10½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.7 m (35 ft 1 in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966.1 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,174 kg (2,588 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,250 kg (4,960 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Turbomeca Arriel 2B turboshaft, 632 kW (847 shp)
Never exceed speed: 287 km/h (155 knots, 178 mph)
Cruise speed: 245 km/h (132 knots, 152 mph)
Range: 662 km (357 nmi, 411 mi)
Endurance: 4.1 hrs
Service ceiling: 4,600 m (15,100 ft)
Rate of climb: 8.5 m/s (1,675 ft/min)
Capacity: 5
Length: 10.93 m (35 ft 10½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.7 m (35 ft 1 in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966.1 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,174 kg (2,588 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,250 kg (4,960 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Turbomeca Arriel 2B turboshaft, 632 kW (847 shp)
Never exceed speed: 287 km/h (155 knots, 178 mph)
Cruise speed: 245 km/h (132 knots, 152 mph)
Range: 662 km (357 nmi, 411 mi)
Endurance: 4.1 hrs
Service ceiling: 4,600 m (15,100 ft)
Rate of climb: 8.5 m/s (1,675 ft/min)
출처: Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory(1999/2000)
- AS355 F2
Crew: 1
Capacity: 6
Length: 12.94 m (42 ft 5½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.69 m (35 ft 0¾ in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,305 kg (2,877 lbs)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,540 kg (5,732 lbs)
Powerplant: 2 × Allison 250-C20F turboshaft, 313 kW (420 shp) each
Never exceed speed: 278 km/h (150 knots, 172 mph)
Cruise speed: 224 km/h (121 knots, 139 mph)
Range: 703 km (380 nm, 437 mi)
Service ceiling: 3,400 m (11,150 ft)
Rate of climb: 6.5 m/s (1,280 ft/min)
Capacity: 6
Length: 12.94 m (42 ft 5½ in)
Rotor diameter: 10.69 m (35 ft 0¾ in)
Height: 3.14 m (10 ft 3½ in)
Disc area: 89.75 m² (966 sq ft)
Empty weight: 1,305 kg (2,877 lbs)
Max. takeoff weight: 2,540 kg (5,732 lbs)
Powerplant: 2 × Allison 250-C20F turboshaft, 313 kW (420 shp) each
Never exceed speed: 278 km/h (150 knots, 172 mph)
Cruise speed: 224 km/h (121 knots, 139 mph)
Range: 703 km (380 nm, 437 mi)
Service ceiling: 3,400 m (11,150 ft)
Rate of climb: 6.5 m/s (1,280 ft/min)
출처: Jane's All The World's Aircraft.(1988/19898)
4. 파생형[편집]
4.1. AS350 Écureuil (H125)[편집]
- 단발엔진
- AS350: Prototype.
- AS350 Firefighter: Fire fighting version.
- AS350B: Powered by one Turbomeca Arriel 1B engine.
- AS350 B1: Improved version of the original AS350B, which is powered by one Arriel 1D engine, type also fitted with AS355 main rotor blades, AS355 tail rotor with tabs and a tail rotor servo.
- AS350 B2: Higher gross weight version powered by one Arriel 1D1 engine over the B1 version with aerodynamic strake fitted to tail boom along the starboard side and angled engine exhaust duct for better yaw control.
- AS350 B3: High-performance version, is powered by an Arriel 2B engine equipped with a single channel (DECU) Digital Engine Control Unit with a mechanical backup system. This helicopter is the first ever to land on the summit of Mount Everest. AS350 B3/2B1 variant introduces enhanced engine with dual channel (FADEC) Full Authority Digital Engine Control, dual hydraulics and a 2,370 kg (5,225 lb) Maximum Take Off Weight. AS350 B3e (introduced late 2011) equipped with the Arriel 2D engine.
- AS350 BA: Powered by a Arriel 1B engine and fitted with wider chord AS355 main rotor blades and tail rotor servo.
- AS350 BB: AS350 B2 variant selected to meet rotary-wing training needs of UK MoD, through its Defence Helicopter Flying School in 1996. Powered by a derated Arriel 1D1 engine to improve the helicopters' life cycle.Eurocopter Squirrel HT.1Designation of AS350BB in operation with British RAF as a training helicopter.Eurocopter Squirrel HT.2Designation of AS350BB in operation with British Army Air Corps as a training helicopter.
- AS350 C: Initial variant of Lycoming LTS-101-600A2 powered version developed for the North American market as the AStar. Quickly superseded by AS350D.
- AS350 D:Powered by one Lycoming LTS-101 engine for the North American market as the AStar. At one stage marketed as AStar 'Mark III.'
- AS350 L1: Military derivative of AS350 B1, powered by a 510kW (684shp) Turbomeca Arriel 1D turboshaft engine. Superseded by AS350 L2.
- AS350 L2: Military derivative of AS350 B2, powered by a 546kW (732shp) Turbomeca Arriel 1D1 turboshaft engine. Designation superseded by AS550 C2.
- HB350 B Esquilo: Unarmed military version for the Brazilian Air Force. Brazilian designations CH-50 and TH-50. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
- HB350 B1 Esquilo: Unarmed military version for the Brazilian Navy. Brazilian designation UH-12. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
- HB350 L1: Armed military version for the Brazilian Army. Brazilian designation HA-1. Built under licence by Helibras in Brazil.
- 이후 생산된 버전
- Soloy Super D1: AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.Soloy Super D2AS350 B2 powered by an LTS101-700D-2 engine.Heli-Lynx 350FX1AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.Heli-Lynx 350FX2AS350 BA or AS350 B2 powered by an LTS101-700D-2 engine.Otech AS350BA+AS350 BA powered by an LTS101-600A-3A engine.
4.2. AS355 Écureuil 2 (단종)[편집]
- 쌍발엔진
- AS355: Prototype of the twin-engined Ecureuil 2 or Twin Squirrel.
- AS355 E: Initial production version, with single hydraulics, powered by two Allison 250-C20F turboshaft engines.
- AS355 F: Improved version, with dual hydraulics and increased maximum weight of 2,300 kg (5,070 lb).AS355 F1Powered by two Allison 250-C20F engines, 2,400 kg (5,291 lb) Maximum weight.
- AS355 F2: Powered by two Allison 250-C20F engines, 2,540 kg (5,600 lb) Maximum weight and a yaw compensation system.
- AS355 M: Initial armed version of AS355 F1.
- AS355 M2: Armed version of AS355 F2. Superseded by AS555 Fennec.
- AS355 N Ecureuil: 2Version fitted with two Turbomeca Arrius 1A engines and a Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) system for better M.T.O.W (2,600 kg or 5,732 lb) and better single engine performance, tail rotor strake added along starboard side of tail boom for better yaw authority.
- AS355 NP Ecureuil 2: Introduced in 2007, this version is fitted with two Turbomeca Arrius 1A1 turboshaft engines and a new AS350 B3-based main gearbox, increasing maximum take-off weight to 2,800 kg (6,173 lb).3HB.355F Esquilo BiAssembled in Brazil by Helibras (part of Eurocopter).HB.355N Esquilo BiAssembled in Brazil by Helibras.
- 이후 나온 새로운 버전들
- Heli-Lynx 355FX1: Powered by the Allison C20F engine. FAA, TC, and EASA approved.
- Heli-Lynx 355FX2: Powered by the Allison C20F engine. FAA,TC and EASA approved.
- Heli-Lynx 355FX2R: Powered by the Allison C20R engine. FAA and TC approved.
- Starflex AS355F1R: AS355 F1 powered by the Allison C20R engine. FAA, TC and EASA approved.
- Starflex AS355F2R: AS355 F2 Powered by the Allison C20R engine with optimised tail rotor blades. FAA, TC and EASA approved.
5. 등장매체[편집]
5.1. 게임[편집]
- 바이오하자드 시리즈에서 등장한다. 정확히는 바이오하자드 2로 R.P.D. 생존자들이 탄 헬기지만 옥상에서 구조를 기다리는 동료가 좀비들에게 물리며 허공을 향해 발사한 H&K MP5의 탄들이 조종사를 맞아 그대로 추락한다. 이후 헬기 잔해에 난 불을 끄고 수색하면 아이템이 나온다.#
5.2. 영화[편집]
- 툼 레이더(영화 시리즈)에서 조나단 라이스가 상하이에서 시안과의 거래할 때는 AS350 B3를, 케냐에서는 AS355를 탔다.
- 미션 임파서블: 폴아웃에서 이단 헌트가 탈취하는 헬기로 등장한다.
6. 둘러보기[편집]
[1] 중국은 80년대 이후 아에로스파샬의 소형, 중형, 대형 헬기를 모두 면허 생산하며 결국 엔진까지 국산화했다. 그다음 단계가 Z 시리즈 대형헬기, 무장헬기, 공격헬기였다. 이후에도 에어버스 헬리콥터스와 중국의 협력은 H175 공동개발 등 계속되고 있다.